基于生成模型的人体行为识别

提出了一种基于生成模型的人体行为识别方法。选取关键点轨迹的方向-大小描述符、轨迹形状描述符、外观描述符作为人体行为的特征；为了降低人体行为特征维数，利用信息瓶颈算法进行词表压缩；利用生成模型，结合已标记样本和未标记样本提出了一种人体行为识别的半监督学习方法，解决了行为识别中的小样本问题。在YouTube 数据库、 UCF运动数据库上利用提出的方法与已有的方法进行了对比实验，结果表明该方法具有更高的识别精度。     

协同制造系统的可靠性分析

协同制造作为一种先进制造模式,逐渐成为研究的热点。而系统的可靠性是协同制造系统成功实施的关键因素之一。从协同制造系统的自身特点出发,阐述了进行协同制造系统可靠性研究的必要性和紧迫性。并给出了协同制造系统可靠性分析的框架模型,认为协同制造系统可靠性应该从人、工作流系统和设备硬件等几个方面进行综合研究,并对各部分的可靠性研究进行了概述。     

Interstate border disputes in Africa: Their resolution and implications for human rights and peace

Many researchers have focused on the role colonialism has played in causing interstate border disputes in Africa. Besides the colonial issue, this paper seeks to investigate what other factors fuel interstate border disputes in Africa and determine how effectively the disputes can be resolved. In recent decades, Africa has been tormented by and is still experiencing numerous interstate border disputes which have serious implications for the disputing states. Some of the disputes are resolved, but violations of human rights and instability still occur in these regions. By analysing the content of some relevant documents and with the use of interviews, this paper reveals that most disputing African states rely heavily on foreign intervention (especially by their erstwhile colonial masters) in the resolution of their disputes. It is argued that African leaders need to be more committed and exhibit better leadership in resolving their border disputes, and that they should always seek the expertise of African forums such as the African Union (AU) before calling for foreign intervention. It is suggested that African leaders and the AU understand the problems of Africans better than anyone else, and they are also the ones mostly greatly affected by these disputes. Thus, there needs to be more of a focus on addressing the root causes of disputes in order to avoid them resurfacing, rather than seeking to merely halt them.     

和谐文化的人性基础

人是社会的人，人的本质是一切社会关系的总和，因而人具有广泛体现其社会本质与发展内涵的多方面的需要。人的需要具有广泛性和无限性的特点，人不仪有物质需要，而且有精神需要。人是文化的存在物，人决定文化，文化反过来又塑造人。马克思认为人的发展的必然趋势是和谐的发展，而和谐发展的人，必须是全面发展和个性丰富高度统一的人，是具有自由个性的人。和谐人性理论是建设和谐文化的基础，建设和谐文化需要和谐人性理论做前提。     

共产党员先进性之我见

对党员先进性的要求,不能简单地把对政党整体的要求与对党员个体的要求划等号,不能简单地用先进英模来衡量大多数普通党员,不能简单地把理论上的要求与实际操作的行为准则划等号,也不能简单地把特殊时期的要求与平时要求混同起来。在市场经济条件下党员有自己正当的利益,党员的先进性在于把个人利益与社会利益有机地统一起来。应从人性的角度定位党员可操作的行为准则,使党员先进性要求切实可行。     

重力势能锁止型外骨骼设计及其效能评价

现存的被动式外骨骼存在助力效果不明显等缺陷。基于人体步态特征,提出了将人体行走过程中的重力势能转化为人体抬腿过程中动能的原理,通过弹簧、曲柄滑块机构、棘轮棘爪机构以及链传动机构的组合,设计了一款被动式下肢机械外骨骼,并通过外骨骼动力学分析和生理消耗指数实验测试的方法进行了外骨骼性能评价。动力学分析结果表明,穿戴外骨骼后髋关节峰力矩总量降低了23.43%,髋关节做功总量降低了30.59%,初步验证了外骨骼的有效性。生理消耗指数实验测试结果表明, 穿戴外骨骼对于短距离动作转换未产生显著效果,但在长距离行走和上坡行走中分别降低了8.1%和10.4%的能量消耗。因此,该下肢外骨骼助力性能得到了验证,为相关领域的研究提供了实例化参考。     

The case for demilitarising Lesotho

ABSTRACT

The Kingdom of Lesotho spends around five per cent of its annual budget – some 700 million Maloti ($US52.6 million) in 2017 – on the Lesotho Defence Force (LDF). Lesotho’s geographical position means that the LDF has no meaningful role regarding its primary function of defending the country from external aggression and it hardly engages in its secondary functions. In addition, the LDF has a long history of interference with democratic processes and engaging in human rights abuse. The financial resources currently allocated to the LDF could do far more for security, widely defined, if they were allocated to a number of other government expenditure categories.     

Human security in pastoralist areas of Eastern Africa

Abstract

Pastoralist groups in Eastern Africa are extremely vulnerable as a result of inter-community conflicts, the harsh terrain, and unfavourable climatic conditions. They have been neglected by successive regimes on matters of socio-economic development. At present pastoralist areas in Eastern Africa have the lowest literacy rates and insufficient health care facilities. This article interrogates the historical relationship between governments, humanitarian groups and pastoralists. It notes with great concern that pastoralists have been branded as hunger-stricken populations with insignificant economic potential that can be harnessed from their day-to-day livelihood. They are treated as sedentary populations who need a constant supply of relief food to keep going. In order to reverse these misconceptions, the article places emphasis on mitigating the threats of intra-community conflicts, diseases and natural disasters through investment in social schemes and infrastructure in order to open up the areas for service provision. Indeed, for a majority of the pastoralists, insecurity comes not so much from traditional security concerns, but from human insecurity concerns about their survival, preservation of their lifestyle and well-being in a day-to-day context.     

AFRICA

Political violence, at times perceived as terrorism, remains a major security challenge in Swaziland. The common view is that this violence is perpetrated by those who feel marginalised from the political process. Central to the hypothesis advanced in this paper is that any effective solution to the menace of political violence and the security challenges it poses begins with an awareness of the symbiotic relation between security, human rights and democracy. It has been empirically proven that abuse of human rights can lead to violence, which negates peace and security in any society. In terms of content the paper looks at the shape of political violence in Swaziland. Next, it discusses the strategies and ideas behind efforts by the Swazi state to combat political violence and the counter-arguments. The final section shows the inextricable link between security, human rights and democracy; and argues that recognising this linkage can provide the key to unlocking the security puzzle in Swaziland.